Bolsonaro has been taken into custody after authorities concluded he posed a definite escape threat while under house arrest.
The former head of state was convicted of orchestrating a armed takeover in September and sentenced more than 27 years in prison, but he remained under confinement pending appeals.
Brazilian Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes said the move to detain the 70-year-old politician was a preventative measure after fresh information came to light.
This involved trying to remove his electronic bracelet and a call for a supporters' gathering that could "allow for a potential flight.
In a paperwork permitting the detention, Justice Moraes said intelligence from the unit overseeing his home detention suggested the former leader's plan to remove the surveillance device to secure accomplishment in his flight.
This, it said, would be "facilitated by the chaos caused by the protest called by his son.
His child, Flávio, who serves as a senator, called for a meeting of his backers near the former president's residence to take place on Saturday night.
The senator wrote on online platforms on last Friday: "Are you going to fight for your homeland, or watch it all from your mobile device there on your settee? I urge you to fight with us."
He said the demonstration would be so supporters could offer prayers for his well-being and for the reestablishment of democratic governance in our nation."
Part of Justice Moraes's ruling was the possibility of his "relocation to diplomatic missions near the residence, considering that the inquiries revealed a record of organizing to seek refuge through a diplomatic representation", a declaration said.
The legal document underscores that the United States embassy in the national capital, Brazil's capital, is located around approximately 13 kilometers from his dwelling.
The former president's legal troubles have provoked anger from fellow right-wing populist United States President Trump, prompting him to impose a 50% tariff on goods coming from Brazil.
Bolsonaro is being held in a national police facility in the capital and will have a custody hearing on the following day.
It was only on the previous day that the his legal team asked the Supreme Court to permit him to complete his entire prison term under domestic detention, with electronic monitoring.
They also requested that the former president be permitted to depart his residence for healthcare, saying he needed ongoing care for respiratory ailments and other health problems.
The former president was determined responsible of leading a scheme aimed at retaining his authority after he lost the presidential race to his left-wing rival, Lula.
Supreme Court justices said that he had knowledge of a plan which involved plans to kill Lula and his VP candidate, Alckmin, and to imprison and murder Alexandre de Moraes - the High Court judge who has been overseeing his judicial proceedings.
The scheme was prevented because it didn't receive the endorsement of the military leaders. His successor was sworn in without incident on January 1st, 2023.
But a following week, on January 8th, many his followers invaded and destroyed public facilities in the federal district, Brasília.
The law enforcement took action and around fifteen hundred individuals were detained.
The magistrates found that the protesters had been incited by him whose strategy, they said, was for the country's army to step in, restore order and return him to office.
At the period, Bolsonaro's lawyers called the over 27-year sentence "absurdly excessive.
He was also barred from running for public office until twenty-sixty - eight years later after the conclusion of his imprisonment.
The former president called the trial a targeted investigation" and said it was designed to prevent him participating in the 2026 national vote.
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